Abstract:
Geothermal waters are underground water with a temperature of at least 20 oC (Wiktorowicz,
2017). Geothermal energy is a form of renewable energy that makes use of heat emanating from
geothermal waters to produce electricity and space heating of buildings such as greenhouses,
spas and aquaculture (Baird and Cann, 2012). Deep groundwater with a temperature greater than
180 oC circulating within a geothermal zone and heated by contact with hot rocks is usually
found in volcanic regions and island chains (Baird and Cann, 2012). Geothermal systems can
either be volcanic or non-volcanic with volcanic based on the emplacement of magma (Meju,
2001). Volcanic geothermal systems include convective hydrothermal systems in hot dry rocks
while non-volcanic geothermal systems involves hot fluids in sedimentary rocks flowing through
fractures or faults (Meju, 2001). Volcanic rocks can be considered a heat source for geothermal
waters (Yildirim and Ozgur, 2017). |
